Q: IT IS NOT GODOT BUT WAITING THAT MAKES THE WHOLE PLAY. HOW CAN YOU MAKE A CONVINCING CASE?

Q:     WHAT IS  SIGNIFICANCE  OF THE  TITLE "WAITING FOR GODOT"?

Q:     IT   IS NOT GODOT BUT WAITING THAT MAKES THE WHOLE PLAY. HOW

CAN YOU MAKE A CONVINCING CASE?

Ans:

Waiting for Godot is a multi—sided play with significant title. Its meanings and implications are complex. It is possible to look upon it as a clever farce or view it as a tragic exposition of human predicament. Its themes have certain topicality but at the same time, they possess a timeless validity and universality. It is an existentialistic play but at the same time mocks at the attitude of existentialism. It seems to have some religious implications even though it seems of be questioning profoundly the Christian concept of salvation and grace.

The title "Waiting for Godot," suggests waiting for a mysterious stranger who has obvious symbolic dimensions and implication. Godot may be a representative, in Beckett's contemporary term of some authority, who has promised protection to the tramps. He may be regarded as a symbol of the hope of the ordinary French citizen in French under Germen occupation or he may be considered as the link in Resistance French Movement with Estragon and Vladimir two resistance workers who have been told to contact him. Obviously their men can come only when the coast is absolutely clear, or waiting for Godot may be a symbol of waiting for a Divine Saviour.

The significance of the title can also be explored in another way, as the fundamental imagery of "Waiting for Godot" is Christian for at the depth of experience into which Beckett is probing, there is no other source of imagery for him to draw on. His heroes are two tramps who have come from nowhere in particular and have nowhere in particular to go. Their life is in a state of apparently fruitless expectation. They receive messages, through a little boy, from local landowner, Godot, who always is going to come in person tomorrow, but never do come. Their attitude towards Godot is partly one of hope, partly of fear. The orthodoxy of this symbolism from a Christian point of view is obvious. The tramps with their rags and misery represent the fallen state of man. The squalor of their surrounding, their lock of a stake in the world represents the idea that here in this world we can build no conducive state to live in.

The ambiguity of their attitude towards Godot. Their mingled hope and fear and the doubtful tone of the boy's messages represent the state of tension and uncertainty in which an average Christian must live in this world, avoiding presumption and also avoiding despair. Yet the two tramps Didi and Gogo, as they call each other, represent something far higher than the other two characters in the play, the masterful and ridiculous Pozzo and his terrifying slave Lucky. Didi and Gogo stand for the

contemplative life and Lucky and Pozzo stand for the life of practical action taken mistakenly, as an end in it.

As for as view of Godot as a Divine Saviour is concerned, it is strengthened by they did not request Godot to do anything definite for them, all they did, was to make a sort of vague prayer or supplication to him. Vladimir says more than once that if Godot comes they would be saved. The resemblance of "God" is too clear to be missed. Moreover, they are also afraid of him, when Estragon suggests that they might drop Godot, Vladimir reminds him that he would punish them if they do that.

Thus Godot may be God, terrible and white beard, as conceived in the Old Testament. The tramps waiting for him may thus be the representatives of human beings who must keep each other's company, quarrelling and foolish talking, until they find a rope to hang themselves, or until final night makes the act of waiting unnecessary. Being poor and unprovided they are typical specimens of common, anti heroic humanity. The tramps like Pozzo and Lucky also seem to symbolize human regression, that is to say, the deterioration or "backward evolution" in human. In this way the title "Waiting for Godot" is applicable to act of Christianity.

As regards the relevance of the title of the play to the German occupation of France, we observe two men waiting for another name, which may not be his real name. A ravaged and blasted landscape, a world that was once ampler and more open, but is permeated with pointlessness now, mysterious dispensers of beating and the anxiety of the two who wait their anxiety to be as inconspicuous as possible in a strange environment. All this reminds the reader and the audience of France occupied by the Germens, in which its author spent the war years. It indicates how much useless waiting must have gone on that bleak world. As such the monotonous waiting is likely to create uncertainty and loss of hope. The tramps in the play are sitting in a similar condition of mind.

This view suggests that "Waiting for Godot" is a play about a mysterious world where two men wait. Only a fraction of human race had experienced the German occupation of France and only of fraction of that fraction waited for some Godot.

Nevertheless, the title of the play is also suggestive of the meaninglessness of life. The way the two tramps pass time his real name is indicative of the boredom and triviality of human activities, the lack of significance in life and the constant suffering which are the results of this existence. It also brings out the hollowness and insincerity of most social intercourse. Estragon and Vladimir question each other, contradict each other abuse each other and reconcile each other with out any serious meanings or intention. All these devices are employed to one end—to the end of making their waiting for Godot less unbearable. Estragon takes off his boots, gropes inside them, and shakes them out expecting something to fall out of them, but nothing happens. Vladimir does the same with hat with the same result. The very essence of boredom and triviality is concentrated in the scene in which Estragon and Vladimir repeatedly put on and take off the three hats their own and Lucky. It is utter lack of meanings which derives Estragon and Vladimir to the thoughts of suicide but the world of the play is one in which no significant action is permitted, therefore even suicide is not within their reach.

"Waiting for Godot" is so to speak, a play about the philosophy, which underscores the incomprehensibility and therefore the meaninglessness of the universe. The anxiety that, man feels upon being confronted with the fact of existence; thereby confirming the suitability of the title.